Analysis of the causes of hydraulic pump cavitation phenomenon

In general, hydraulic system failures do not occur suddenly, but there are always some signs, such as noise, vibration, impact, cavitation, etc. Today, we will take you to a detailed understanding of the phenomenon of hydraulic pump cavitation and provide you with methods to solve hydraulic system failures caused by hydraulic pump cavitation.

Analysis of the causes of hydraulic pump cavitation:

The phenomenon of cavitation is one of the common problems in hydraulic pumps, where the internal pressure gradually decreases with the increase of the working chamber volume. Oil is sucked into the working chamber of the pump when the pressure in the working chamber is less than the inlet pressure of the pump. Compared with the air separation pressure, the minimum pressure in the working chamber of the pump is smaller. Therefore, the air dissolved in the oil will be separated, resulting in a large number of bubbles in the liquid in the working chamber of the pump, The cavitation phenomenon of hydraulic pumps is caused by this; In addition, when the pressure in the working chamber of the pump is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid, the oil will also experience vaporization, which further exacerbates the cavitation phenomenon of the hydraulic pump.

Solution to hydraulic pump cavitation phenomenon:

(1) Increase the diameter of the oil suction pipeline, reduce or avoid bending of the oil suction pipeline, in order to reduce the oil suction speed and reduce pipeline resistance loss.

(2) Choose an appropriate oil suction filter and regularly check and clean it to avoid blockage.

(3) The suction height of the hydraulic pump should be as small as possible. Hydraulic pumps with poor self priming performance should be supplied by low-pressure auxiliary pumps..

(4) Avoid the phenomenon of insufficient oil absorption due to high oil viscosity.

(5) Use the correct piping method.

When the hydraulic pump experiences cavitation phenomenon, bubbles can cause serious damage to the continuity of the liquid flow. When the liquid with bubbles enters the high-pressure zone with the rotation of the pump, the high-pressure will cause the bubbles to burst instantly, causing vibration and noise. It will also cause local hydraulic impact, generate local high temperature, and cause cavitation in the hydraulic system.